CONCEPTS& DOCTRINE
Electronic Battle Space Domination: The IEWCS Systems
by Major William F. Morgan, Jr.
The Intelligence and Electronic Warfare Common
Sensor (IEWCS) systems will provide the division commander
with an organic capability to detect, intercept, identify,
precision locate, target, surgically jam, and exploit for situation
and target development both threat voice and digital communications
and noncommunications in the high frequency through the super high
frequency radio spectrum. These systems will provide the division
commander with a new robust capability to "own the electronic
spectrum" and dominate his battle space.
Open Architectures
The IEWCS systems use open system architectures to accommodate
rapid technology insertion to keep pace with changes in threat
characteristics worldwide. The IEWCS is a grouping of
subsystems designed to revolutionize the way the Army
does targeting, electronic attack (EA), and electronic warfare
support (ES) at the division level. The four integrated subsystems
are-
- TACJAM-A (ES).
- TACJAM-A (EA).
- Common Modular Electronic Intelligence System (ES).
- Communications High Accuracy Location System-Exploitable
(CHALS-X).
The following subsystems are integral components of the three Army
IEWCS systems:
- AN/MLQ-38, Ground-BasedCommon Sensor-Heavy
(GBCS-H).
- AN/MLQ-39, Ground-Based Common
Sensor-Light (GBCS-L).
- AN/ALQ-151(V)3 Advanced QUICKFIX (AQF)
When fielded, these IEWCS systems will replace the following
divisional intercept, location, and jamming systems in the force
structure:
- AN/ALQ-151(V)2 QUICKFIX IIB.
- AN/MLQ-34 TACJAM.
- AN/MSQ-103 TEAMPACK.
- AN/TLQ-17A TRAFFICJAM.
- AN/TRQ-32 (V)2 TEAMMATE.
- AN/TSQ-138 TRAILBLAZER.
Mobility
- For deployment with heavy divisions, the GBCS-H will be mounted on
an Electronic Fighting Vehicle System (EFVS). The EFVS is a member
of the Bradley family of fighting vehicles. Major components of the
EFVS are common to the M2 Bradley and M993 Multiple Launch Rocket
System. The GBCS-H will be deployable on C-17 and C-5 transport
aircraft.
- The GBCS-L will be mounted on a heavy variant of the High Mobility
Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle for deployment with light divisions.
The GBCS-L will be deployable on C-130, C-141, C-17, and C-5
transports.
- Found in the division aviation brigade, the AQF will be mounted in
the Army's EH-60L, a variant of the Army's UH-60 BLACKHAWK utility
helicopter. The AQF will be capable of self-deployment.
Interoperability
- The GBCS-H and GBCS-L will interoperate with the AQF to precisely
acquire and locate targets within the division commander's battle
space. The divisional analysis and control element will accomplish
automated tasking using the All-Source Analysis System via the
Tasking and Reporting Data Link (TRDL). In addition, the division
will transmit technical situational awareness and targeting
information via the TRDL. The IEWCS systems will send targeting
information using the Combat Net Radio with Applique to the Army
Field Artillery Tactical Data System at the fire direction center
or fire support element. Situational awareness and targeting data
can also go to the Common Ground Station at the brigade level.
- The IEWCS design also supports interoperability with the U.S.
Marine Corps' Mobile Electronic Warfare Support System, an IEWCS
system itself. Together, these Army and Marine Corps systems will
provide the commander with a seamless, near-real-time targeting
system that can cross Service lines in joint warfighting
situations.
Current Status
- The GBCS-L will undergo its initial operational test and evaluation
in August 1996. The GBCS-H and the AQF will be part of that test in
order to demonstrate the systems' interoperability. In 1997, the
Army will begin fielding the GBCS-L and AQF to the 313th Military
Intelligence Battalion, 82d Airborne Division. The GBCS-H will
enter the force structure in fiscal year 2002. The end date of
IEWCS fielding is sometime around 2010, depending on funding
profiles.
Bottom Line
- When fielded, the Army IEWCS systems will replace six tactical IEW
systems. The return on the investment in IEWCS will be 46 percent
fewer operators, 65 percent fewer vehicles, 60 percent less airlift
capacity required, simplified logistics and maintenance operations,
and greatly enhanced IEW capabilities and interoperability to cover
the commander's battle space.
Major Morgan is currently a test and evaluation
officer with the Project Manager Signals Warfare. His E-mail
address is mmorgan@vinthill-pmsw.army.mil.
Update on FM 100-60 Opposing Force Series Manuals
by Donald L. Madill, Ph.D.
The U.S. Army Publications and Printing Command
(USAPPC) has rescinded the FM 100-2 series on the
Soviet Army. To replace that series as the baseline documentation
for the opposing force (OPFOR) portrayal in U.S. Army training
venues, the Threat Support Directorate (TSD), Office of Deputy
Chief of Staff for Intelligence, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine
Command (TRADOC) has produced the TRADOC 350 series pamphlets on
the capabilities-based OPFOR. These pamphlets serve as coordinating
drafts for the new FM 100-60 series of manuals on opposing forces.
In March 1995, the TRADOC Deputy Chief of Staff for Training
directed the interim implementation of the 350-series pamphlets,
pending the final publication of this material as field manuals
(FMs).
- The TSD produced these pamphlets in limited quantity and
distributed them only to G2s and threat managers. TSD has no more
copies of TRADOC Pamphlets 350-12 and 350-13, and only small
numbers of the other pamphlets in stock. If any organization
received these pamphlets in the initial distribution between
September 1993 and October 1995, they are authorized and encouraged
to reproduce them locally. Sergeant Paul A. Stier at
(913) 684-7921 or DSN 552-7921 is the TSD point of contact for
dissemination of these TRADOC pamphlets.
- TSD has now begun preparing the first six pamphlets for publication
as field manuals. The FM titles now reflect Force XXI terminology.
The heavy OPFOR is now the armor- and mechanized-based OPFOR, and
the light OPFOR is now the infantry-based OPFOR. The future FMs
will be condensed to two organization guides, FM 100-63 and FM
100-60, both likely to be ready for Army-wide dissemination around
the 3d quarter, fiscal year (FY) 1996. The rest of the series will
appear later in FY 96 or FY 97.
- All Army publications account holders should determine their
requirements for copies of each of the FM 100-60 series manuals for
all organizations within their respective units or activities and
place advance orders. Units must use Department of the Army (DA)
Form 12-11-E with the following subscription block numbers in Part
V:
- FM 100-60, Armor- and Mechanized-Based Opposing
Force: Organization Guide (replaces the U.S. Army
Combined Arms Command (CAC) and Fort Leavenworth Pamphlet 350-1,
which later became TRADOC Pamphlet 350-12). DA Form
12-11-E block number 5358.
- FM 100-61, Armor- and Mechanized-Based Opposing Force:
Operational Art (replaces TRADOC Pamphlet 350-14). DA Form 12-11-E
block number 5362.
- FM 100-62, Armor- and Mechanized-Based Opposing Force:
Tactics (replaces TRADOC Pamphlet 350-16). DA Form 12-11-E block
number 5363.
- FM 100-63, Infantry-Based Opposing Force: Organization
Guide (replaces CAC and Fort Leavenworth Pamphlet 350-2 which later
became TRADOC Pamphlet 350-13). DA Form 12-11-E block number 5359.
- FM 100-64, Infantry-Based Opposing Force: Operations and
Tactics (replaces TRADOC Pamphlet 350-15 and 350-17). DA Form
12-11-E block number 5364.
- FM 100-65, Opposing Force Equipment Guide (not published
as a TRADOC Pamphlet). DA Form 12-11-E block number 5360. Note:
This FM may include multiple volumes on different types of
equipment. Customers ordering block number 5360 will receive all
volumes as they become available.
- FM 100-66, Opposing Forces in Peace and Conflict (working
title) (there was no TRADOC pamphlet version). Order using the DA
Form 12-11-E block number 5365.
- If your unit or activity has a valid need for these manuals, update
your subscription service as soon as possible to automatically
receive them. Complete DA Form 12-99-R (DA Form 12-Series
Subscription Change Sheet) citing the form and block number (as
listed above) and the quantity required. Submit subscription
updates through normal publications initial distribution channels.
Dr. Donald L. Madill, (913) 684-7926 or DSN 552-7926
is the TSD point of contact for the FM 100-60 series. The USAPPC
point of contact for distribution of the FM series is Ms. Rosita
Effinger, (703) 325-6232 or DSN 221-6232.