Tuesday, on page A-2, the Times ran its first ever "assessment," in which its editors revisited the paper's controversial work in the Lee case. Traditionally, the Times has used "corrections" to address factual missteps, and the "editor's note" to explain lapses of fairness, balance or perspective. Now, there are assessments. (However, when the Times' original March 6, 1999, story on Wen Ho Lee is recalled on the Lexis-Nexis electronic database, the article comes complete with today's editor's assessment as an appendix, subtitled "Correction.")

Carefully crafted and qualified like a lawyer-vetted brief, the story, with its front-page teaser and 1,500-word spread, will certainly be remembered as one of the Times' most dramatic explorations of its own shortcomings. At times a laundry list of coulda, shoulda, wouldas, the appraisal is both candid and defensive, admitting both serious, journalistic blemishes while steadfastly maintaining that the paper's work is, essentially, accurate. Thecoverage, in which the paper uncorked a series of breathless stories in the spring of '99 that painted a dire picture of Chinese espionage at American nuclear laboratories, pointed the finger at Lee and accused the Clinton administration of dragging its feet to combat it, was led by Jeff Gerth. The paper's star investigative reporter, Gerth's earlier investigations include the now-deflated Whitewater scandal (which the Times still adamantly defends) and a 1998 Pulitzer Prize-winning series on satellite technology transfers to China that, in retrospect, now looks badly overhyped.

Tuesday's story (bylined, simply, "From the Editors") found "careful" and "accurate" work from "persistent and fair-minded reporters," but concedes, as critics have for some time, that its Lee coverage should have been more thorough, more balanced and more skeptical of partisans trying to use the story -- and the paper -- to score points against the White House.

"Looking back, we also found some things we wish we had done differently in the course of the coverage to give Dr. Lee the full benefit of the doubt," according to the story.

So what went wrong? Basically, the Times editors took a rare fall: "In those instances where we fell short of our standards in our coverage of this story, the blame lies principally with those who directed the coverage, for not raising questions that occurred to us only later."

"It was long overdue," says Henry Tang, chairman of the Committee of 100, a Chinese-American organization that thinks Lee was singled out because of his ethnicity. (The Times' assessment never addressed that thorny question.) "It was an unfortunate experience for the Times and its readers."

Bob Giles, curator of the Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard University, gives the Times high marks for its "fairly honest and commendable" initiative. "They didn't have to do it, so it's to their credit."

Not everyone was willing to be so generous, especially since it had been 18 months since the Times' Lee story first appeared, and, says Steven Aftergood, senior analyst for the Federation of American Scientists, "the holes were evident at the time the stories ran."

The reporting that went into the articles, mostly from the team of Gerth and James Risen, goes largely unchallenged. Later, in fact, the story argues, "Even the best investigative reporting is performed under deadline pressure, with the best assessment of information available at the time."

But since the paper's first stories in the Lee saga were without serious competition -- it clearly had the best sources locked up and owned the story -- "the deadlines may have been of their own making," notes Giles.