DATE=10/20/98
      TYPE=U-S OPINION ROUNDUP
    NUMBER=6-10967
     TITLE=GENERAL PINOCHET'S ARREST STIRS CONTROVERSY
    BYLINE=ANDREW N. GUTHRIE
 TELEPHONE=619-3335
  DATELINE=WASHINGTON
    EDITOR=ASSIGNMENTS

CONTENT=

   ///// ED'S: SERVICES WISHING MORE MATERIAL ON THE PINOCHET
ARREST, SHOULD CONSULT U-S EDITORIAL DIGEST 6-10966, WHICH MOVED
                         EARLIER. /////

INTRO:  THE ARREST OF FORMER CHILEAN DICTATOR GENERAL AUGUSTO
PINOCHET BY BRITISH POLICE ON AN INTERNATIONAL WARRANT ISSUED BY
A SPANISH JUDGE IS CAUSING GREAT REACTION IN THE U-S PRESS.

MOST PAPERS ARE PLEASED THAT A MAN, ACCUSED OF CAUSING THE DEATHS
OR DISAPPEARANCE OF SEVERAL-THOUSAND PEOPLE, MAY FINALLY ANSWER
FOR HIS ALLEGED CRIMES.  BUT OTHERS SAY THIS ARREST, WHILE HE IS
TRAVELLING WITH A DIPLOMATIC PASSPORT, CLOUDS THE FUTURE OF
INTERNATIONAL LAW AND DIPLOMACY.

WE HAVE A SAMPLING NOW FROM ___________________ WHO BRINGS US
TODAY'S OPINION ROUNDUP.

TEXT:  SCOTLAND YARD OFFICERS ARRESTED GENERAL PINOCHET AT A
PRIVATE HOSPITAL IN LONDON LAST FRIDAY ON A WARRANT FROM A
SPANISH JUDGE, WHO HAS BEEN INVESTIGATING THE DEATHS OF SEVERAL
SPANISH CITIZENS DURING MR. PINOCHET'S REGIME.   IN ALL, MORE
THAN FOUR-THOUSAND PEOPLE DIED OR DISAPPEARED WHILE HE RAN CHILE
FROM 1973 UNTIL 1990, FOLLOWING A COUP THAT OUSTED MARXIST LEADER
SALVADOR ALLENDE.

WHEN GENERAL PINOCHET STEPPED DOWN AS PRESIDENT HE CONTINUED TO
HEAD THE ARMED FORCES UNTIL HE RETIRED, AND BECAME A SENATOR FOR
LIFE IN THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY.  MR. PINOCHET, IN LONDON FOR BACK
SURGERY, WAS ARRESTED ON CHARGES THAT NOW INCLUDE MURDER,
TORTURE, AND GENOCIDE.  BUT HIS EXTRADITION TO SPAIN IS ALMOST
CERTAIN TO INVOLVED A COMPLICATED, AND DIPLOMATICALLY STRAINED
STRUGGLE BETWEEN ENGLAND, SPAIN, AND CHILE, WHICH HAS
VOCIFEROUSLY PROTESTED HIS ARREST.

OUR EDITORIAL SAMPLE BEGINS IN TEXAS, WHERE "THE DALLAS MORNING
NEWS" SAYS THE FORMER CHILEAN LEADER MADE A BIG MISTAKE ADDING --
DICTATORS SHOULD NOT LEAVE HOME -- PERIOD!

VOICE:   /// OPT ///  AUGUSTO PINOCHET ... IS USED TO PLAYING BY
         HIS OWN RULES.  SO HE MUST HAVE BEEN SHOCKED BY
         BRITAIN'S DECISION TO ARREST HIM AT THE REQUEST OF A
         SPANISH JUDGE, WHO WANTS HIM TO STAND TRIAL IN SPAIN ON
         MURDER AND TORTURE CHARGES.  AFTER ALL, HAD NOT CHILE
         GIVEN AMNESTY TO THE FORMER GENERAL IN RETURN FOR HIS
         HANDING POWER TO ELECTED CIVILIANS IN 1989?  AND WERE
         NOT THE MURDERS OF SPANISH CITIZENS COVERED BY THAT
         AMNESTY? /// END OPT ///  ... EITHER MR. PINOCHET WAS
         TOO ARROGANT TO GRASP THAT HE WAS VULNERABLE OUTSIDE
         CHILE OR NO ONE TOLD HIM THAT THERE IS NOTHING INHERENT
         ABOUT HOLDING A DIPLOMATIC PASSPORT OR BEING A SENATOR
         THAT PROTECTS ONE FROM PROSECUTION ELSEWHERE.   ... MR.
         PINOCHET'S BIG MISTAKE WAS TO LEAVE CHILE.  HE ERRED
         ALSO IN VISITING A COUNTRY WITH AN INDEPENDENT
         JUDICIARY.   ... [HE] SHOULD HAVE BEEN MORE CAREFUL.

TEXT:  "THE SAN FRANCISCO CHRONICLE" CALLS THE ARREST A VICTORY
FOR HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCATES, BUT SUGGESTS THE SERIOUS QUESTIONS
ABOUT INTERNATIONAL LAW AND DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY MAKES THE
EVENTUAL OUTCOME UNCLEAR. NEVERTHELESS:

VOICE:   THERE IS NO DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY FOR GENOCIDE -- AND
         THERE SHOULD NEVER BE.  ... U-N SECRETARY-GENERAL KOFI
         ANNAN APPLAUDED [MR.] PINOCHET'S ARREST AS EVIDENCE THAT
         HUMAN RIGHTS LAWS ARE COMING INTO THEIR OWN AND HIDING
         PLACES ARE GROWING SCARCE.

TEXT:  "THE WASHINGTON TIMES" SAYS  THE END IN THIS CASE DOES NOT
JUSTIFY THE MEANS:

VOICE:   THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY OUGHT TO TREAD VERY SOFTLY
         IN THIS AREA.  THE ARREST ...  OF MR. PINOCHET ... WILL
         GO DOWN AS A CLASSIC EXAMPLE OF FOOL-HARDY INTERVENTION.
         MR. PINOCHET IS A COMPLICATED MAN: A DICTATOR WHO WOULD
         BROOK NO DISSENT, BUT ALSO A MAN WHO PREVENTED A
         COMMUNIST REVOLUTION IN CHILE; AN AUTHORITARIAN, BUT A
         MAN WHO CORRECTLY SAW IN FREE MARKETS THE BEST HOPE FOR
         CHILEAN PROGRESS; A STRONGMAN, BUT A MAN WHO ULTIMATELY
         RELINQUISHED HIS POWER.  /// OPT ///  CHILEANS
         THEMSELVES ARE HARDLY INDIFFERENT TO MR. PINOCHET; MANY
         HATE HIM, MANY REGARD HIM AS A NATIONAL SAVIOR, MANY
         THINK HIS LEGACY EXISTS ONLY IN SHADES OF GRAY.  /// END
         OPT ///  ... IN ... GENERAL PINOCHET'S ... CASE ... THE
         COMPLEXITY OF THE PAST IS DUE A LITTLE DEFERENCE FOR THE
         SAKE OF THE FUTURE.

TEXT:  "THE DENVER POST" IS PLEASED, HOWEVER, AND SAYS THE LEGAL
PRECEDENT IS NEEDED

VOICE:   /// OPT /// THE ARREST ... RAISES NEW AND OLD QUESTIONS
         THAT BEG ANSWERS.  AMONG THEM IS WHETHER THE ARREST WILL
         INSPIRE NEW EFFORTS AMONG MANY NATIONS STILL REELING
         FROM THE EFFECTS OF FORMER DESPOTS ... TO MAKE THEM
         ANSWER TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY.  WE HOPE IT WILL.
         ... SPAIN IS TO BE COMMENDED FOR WADING INTO
         INTERNATIONAL WATERS IN QUEST OF JUSTICE FOR ONE OF ITS
         CITIZENS.  SO IS BRITAIN FOR HONORING SPAIN'S CASE AND
         DETAINING [MR.] PINOCHET.  /// END OPT ///  ... IF THE
         RULE OF LAW IS TO TRIUMPH OVER THE REIGN OF TERROR,
         BUTCHERS AND FANATICS LIKE [GENERAL] PINOCHET MUST AT
         LAST ANSWER TO A RESPONSIBLE INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNAL.

TEXT:  BUTCHER? FANATIC? HARDLY, SAYS "THE WALL STREET JOURNAL."
THE BIG BUSINESS DAILY REMINDS READERS OF WHAT IT DESCRIBES AS
THE NEAR CHAOS OF THE ALLENDE REGIME, AS CHILE HEADED TOWARD A
MARXIST ECONOMY PUNCTUATED BY VIOLENT STRIKES AND DEMONSTRATIONS
BY BOTH PRO AND ANTI-ALLENDE SUPPORTERS, AND FOOD LINES.

REGARDING GROUNDS FOR HIS ARREST, "THE JOURNAL," WONDERS, IF
BRITAIN CAN ARREST GENERAL PINOCHET AT SPAIN'S REQUEST, WHY DOES
NOT SPAIN ARREST CUBA'S FIDEL CASTRO WHO IS VISITING THERE TODAY.
ADDS "THE JOURNAL:"

 VOICE:  HIS [CASTRO'S] KILLING AND HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS DWARF
         THE MOST EXAGGERATED ACCUSATIONS AGAINST GENERAL
         PINOCHET.  INDEED, [MR.] CASTRO'S PROGRAM FOR SUBVERTING
         LATIN AMERICA WAS THE REAL ROOT OF THE BRUTALITY THAT
         SWEPT THE REGION IN THE 1970S.  HIS ATTEMPTS TO SPREAD
         REVOLUTION GAVE LIFE TO THE BRUTAL MILITARY
         DICTATORSHIPS THAT ONCE MARRED THE LATIN SCENE.   ...
         FOR THE PAST QUARTER-CENTURY MARXIST ROMANTICS HAVE BEEN
         SEEKING REVENGE IN PARTICULAR AGAINST GENERAL PINOCHET,
         THE MAN WHO PROBABLY DID MORE THAN ANYONE ELSE IN LATIN
         AMERICA TO ROLL BACK THEIR REVOLUTION.

                           /// OPT ///

TEXT:  IN BALTIMORE, "THE SUN" SEES BOTH PROMISE AND PROBLEMS IN
THE ARREST.

VOICE:   BY RECOGNIZING [THE] ... ARREST WARRANT, BRITISH
         AUTHORITIES SEEM TO HAVE DETERMINED THAT CHARGES OF
         HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS ARE MORE IMPORTANT THAN ANY
         DIPLOMATIC STATUS A SUSPECT MAY HAVE OBTAINED FROM HIS
         OWN GOVERNMENT.  IF THIS PRECEDENT BECOMES AN ACCEPTED
         STANDARD IN INTERNATIONAL LAW, TYRANTS EVERYWHERE WILL
         BE BROUGHT TO JUSTICE MORE EASILY. ... HOWEVER, THE
         PINOCHET PRINCIPLE COULD UPSET THE WHOLE DELICATELY
         CONSTRUCTED SYSTEM OF IMMUNITY ... THAT ... GIVES
         PROTECTION TO INTERNATIONAL ENVOYS.

                        /// END OPT ///

TEXT:  IN PHILADELPHIA, "THE INQUIRER" SAYS -- THIS FORMER
DICTATOR DESERVES A TRIP TO SPAIN TO ANSWER FOR HIS CRIMES
AGAINST HUMANITY, WHILE "THE LOS ANGELES TIMES" WORRIES ABOUT
WHAT IT CALLS A THICKET OF LEGALITIES  IN THE CASE LEADING TO AN
UNCERTAIN FUTURE FOR THE SPANISH QUEST. "THE WASHINGTON POST"
BELIEVES -- IF IT IS CARRIED THROUGH, THE ARREST ... WILL BE A
MODEL FOR EXTENDING POLITICAL ACCOUNTABILITY INTERNATIONALLY.

"THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE" CONCURS.

VOICE:   ... WHEN HE FINALLY SURRENDERED THE LAST OF HIS POWER
         EARLIER THIS YEAR, HIS PRICE WAS A LIFETIME POST IN THE
         CHILEAN SENATE -- WHICH GAVE HIM PERMANENT IMMUNITY FROM
         PROSECUTION.  TO GAIN DEMOCRACY, CHILEANS HAD TO FORFEIT
         JUSTICE -- A BITTER COMPROMISE, THOUGH A NECESSARY ONE.
         BUT JUSTICE MAY YET HAVE ITS DAY.  ... AS A MATTER OF
         INTERNATIONAL LAW, THE ACTION AGAINST [MR.] PINOCHET
         LOOKS PLAUSIBLE.  AS DICTATORS GO, [MR.] PINOCHET HAD
         MUCH TO RECOMMEND HIM ... BUT THOSE VERY REAL
         ACHIEVEMENTS DO NOT EXCUSE A RECORD OF TORTURE AND
         MURDER.  TYRANTS MAY FIND WAYS TO ESCAPE JUSTICE IN
         THEIR OWN COUNTRIES.  [GENERAL] PINOCHET'S ARREST PUTS
         THEM ON NOTICE THAT ONCE THEY CROSS THE BORDER, THEY MAY
         HAVE TO ANSWER FOR THEIR CRIMES.

TEXT:  ON THAT NOTE, WE CONCLUDE THIS SAMPLING OF THE U-S PRESS
ON THE ARREST IN BRITAIN, OF FORMER CHILEAN DICTATOR AUGUSTO
PINOCHET.

NEB/ANG/RAE

20-Oct-98 1:43 PM EDT (1743 UTC)
NNNN

Source: Voice of America
.