DATE=08/29/98 TYPE=ON THE LINE NUMBER=1-00665 TITLE=TERRORISM: THE U.S. STRIKES BACK EDITOR=OFFICE OF POLICY - 619-0037 CONTENT= THEME: UP, HOLD UNDER AND FADE ANNCR: ON THE LINE -- A DISCUSSION OF UNITED STATES POLICIES AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES. THIS WEEK, "TERRORISM: THE U.S. STRIKES BACK." HERE IS YOUR HOST, ROBERT REILLY. HOST: HELLO AND WELCOME TO ON THE LINE. THE "TARGET IS TERROR," SAID PRESIDENT BILL CLINTON, AS U.S. MILITARY FORCES STRUCK AGAINST TERRORIST FACILITIES AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN AFGHANISTAN AND A CHEMICAL WEAPONS-RELATED FACTORY IN SUDAN. THE ATTACK WAS AIMED AT THE NETWORK OF RADICAL GROUPS AFFILIATED WITH OSAMA BIN LADEN, PERHAPS THE PREEMINENT ORGANIZER OF INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM IN THE WORLD TODAY. MR. CLINTON SAID THERE IS CONVINCING EVIDENCE THAT THESE GROUPS WERE INVOLVED IN THE RECENT BOMBINGS OF U.S. EMBASSIES IN NAIROBI AND DAR ES SALAAM THAT KILLED NEARLY THREE HUNDRED PEOPLE. PRESIDENT CLINTON SAID, "THERE WILL BE NO SANCTUARY FOR TERRORISTS. WE WILL DEFEND OUR PEOPLE, OUR INTERESTS AND OUR VALUES." JOINING ME TODAY TO DISCUSS U.S. POLICY AND INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM ARE THREE EXPERTS. YONAH ALEXANDER IS DIRECTOR OF THE TERRORISM STUDIES PROGRAM AT THE GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY AND FOUNDING EDITOR OF TERRORISM: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL. PAULA DOBRIANSKY IS VICE PRESIDENT AND WASHINGTON DIRECTOR OF THE COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS AND A FORMER DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE. AND DAVID SCHENKER IS RESEARCH FELLOW AT THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY. WELCOME TO THE PROGRAM. YONAH ALEXANDER, PRESIDENT CLINTON ALSO SAID THERE WAS EVIDENCE THAT THESE GROUPS HAD PLANS TO STRIKE AGAIN. WAS THE U.S. RESPONSE THEN THE RIGHT ONE AT THE RIGHT TIME? ALEXANDER: I THINK SO. USUALLY, AS WE KNOW, THE UNITED STATES IS RESORTING TO THE MILITARY OPTION AS THE LAST RESORT RATHER THAN THE FIRST RESORT. BUT, IN THIS CASE, AS I UNDERSTAND IT, THERE WAS COMPELLING EVIDENCE TO INDICATE THAT, NOT ONLY THAT THE BIN LADEN NETWORKING WAS INVOLVED IN THIS CASE. BUT THERE WERE PLOTS TO ATTACK ELSEWHERE. AND THE RECORD IS VERY CLEAR, GOING ALL THE WAY BACK FOR YEARS. SO I THINK THIS PARTICULAR ACTION HAD TWO PURPOSES. ONE WAS RETALIATION. AND SECONDLY, IT WAS PREEMPTIVE IN ORDER TO SHAKE UP THAT KIND OF INFRASTRUCTURE. HOST: PAULA DOBRIANSKY, WAS IT AN ACTION OF THE LAST RESORT? AND, IF SO, WHAT SORT OF POLITICAL AND DIPLOMATIC MOVES HAD THE UNITED STATES EXHAUSTED BEFORE TAKING MILITARY ACTION? DOBRIANSKY: WELL, I DON'T THINK IT WAS AN ACTION OF THE LAST RESORT. IN FACT, MAYBE IT COULD BE ARGUED, GIVEN THE FACT THAT BIN LADEN HAD APPARENTLY DECLARED WAR ON THE UNITED STATES TWO YEARS EARLIER. IT WAS ONLY IN AUGUST OF 1996 WHEN HE ISSUED HIS DECLARATION OF WAR AGAINST AMERICAN EMBASSIES, AMERICAN SOLDIERS, AMERICAN INTERESTS ABROAD. I DON'T KNOW, COMPARATIVELY SPEAKING, WHAT WAS THE INFORMATION AND WHAT WAS OUR POSITION AT THAT TIME AND WHETHER THERE WOULD HAVE BEEN A COMPELLING REASON TO TAKE MILITARY ACTION. HAVING SAID THAT, I THINK IT WAS THE RIGHT DECISION TO TAKE IN THIS CASE, ESPECIALLY BECAUSE THERE WERE INDICATORS THAT OUR INTERESTS WERE BEING THREATENED. TAKE FOR EXAMPLE THE AMERICAN EMBASSY IN ALBANIA. IT WAS ONLY DAYS AGO WHEN THERE WERE SOME FIVE, APPARENTLY EGYPTIAN, ISLAMIC TERRORISTS ARRESTED AND WHO HAD BOMB MATERIALS IN THEIR HANDS. SO IT WAS CLEAR THAT THERE WAS SOME KIND OF LINKAGE. I'M CERTAINLY IN AGREEMENT THAT THERE WAS STRONG JUSTIFICATION TO TAKE THIS ACTION. AND FINALLY, LET ME JUST ADD THAT I THINK WE HAVE SAID A LOT RHETORICALLY IN OTHER AREAS OF THE WORLD IN DEALING WITH OTHER ISSUES, NOT ONLY TERRORISM. AND I THINK THAT OUR CREDIBILITY HAS BEEN DIMINISHED BECAUSE WE HAVEN'T ALWAYS BACKED UP OUR WORDS WITH STRONG ACTION. AND THIS WAS JUSTIFIED. HOST: MR. SCHENKER, WHAT DO WE KNOW ABOUT OSAMA BIN LADEN AND THE GROUP WITH THE CURIOUS TITLE "THE WORLD ISLAMIC FRONT FOR JIHAD AGAINST THE JEWS AND CRUSADERS", WHICH HAS BEEN ISSUING CALLS FOR THE MURDER OF AMERICAN CIVILIANS AND SOLDIERS WHEREVER AND WHENEVER IT CAN BE DONE? SCHENKER: WELL, MY UNDERSTANDING IS THAT IT'S A LOOSE ASSOCIATION OF INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS WHO HAVE SIGNED ON TO A NUMBER OF BIN LADEN FATAWA. HOST: BY FATAWA, YOU MEAN? SCHENKER: PLURAL OF FATWA. IT CALLS FOR THE KILLING OF AMERICANS ABROAD, EXPELLING OF THE AMERICANS FROM THE GULF. IT'S SEEN AS AN AFFRONT TO A LOT OF MUSLIMS, THE AMERICAN PRESENCE IN THE GULF. THE PRESENCE IN SAUDI ARABIA, NEAR THE HOLY SITES OF MECCA AND MEDINA. WE DON'T KNOW MUCH MORE ABOUT THEM OTHER THAN THE RELEASE OF THESE FATAWA. BUT WE DO KNOW SOME OF THE PEOPLE WHO HAVE SIGNED ON TO THE FATWA. AYMAN AL-ZAWAHIRI, AN EGYPTIAN NATIONAL WHO IS A COMPATRIOT OF BIN LADEN AND A CLOSE ASSOCIATE, AND A NUMBER OF OTHERS WHO HAVE AFFILIATIONS WITH EGYPTIAN GROUPS, BANGLA DESHIS AND A NUMBER OF OTHERS. HOST: LET ME ASK YONAH ALEXANDER. SOME PEOPLE ARE, LET US SAY, GUARDEDLY CRITICAL OF THE ACTION THE UNITED STATES TOOK, BECAUSE THEY SAY IT'S STIRRING UP A HORNET'S NEST. IF YOU THINK THINGS WERE BAD BEFORE, WAIT TILL YOU SEE WHAT THESE PEOPLE DO NOW. AND, IN FACT, OSAMA BIN LADEN MADE THE STATEMENT THAT "THE WAR HAS NOT YET BEGUN" IN RESPONSE TO THE U.S. ACTIONS. WHAT DO YOU THINK OF THAT? ALEXANDER: WELL, I THINK WE HAVE TO PUT IT IN THE PROPER PERSPECTIVE. IT'S NOT A QUESTION OF TIT FOR TAT, OR CONFRONTATION BETWEEN BIN LADEN AND HIS GROUP AND THE UNITED STATES. I WOULD LIKE TO BROADEN THE CHALLENGE. THE CHALLENGE IS REALLY TO THE ENTIRE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY. YOU BEGIN BY TALKING ABOUT THE ATTACKS IN EAST AFRICA. YOU MENTIONED THAT THREE HUNDRED PEOPLE WERE KILLED. BUT MORE THAN FIVE THOUSAND PEOPLE WERE ALSO INJURED AND MAIMED AND SO ON. THE TARGET WAS THE U.S. EMBASSIES, BUT THOSE WHO WERE VICTIMIZED WERE AFRICANS. SO, WE FIND THAT REGARDLESS OF THE RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION OR NATIONAL STANDING OR WHATEVER IT IS, THE ENTIRE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY IS A VICTIM. AND I WOULD LIKE TO SUGGEST, TO FOLLOW UP WHAT YOU INDICATED CORRECTLY ABOUT BIN LADEN, THAT THE TARGETS ARE ALSO MUSLIM COUNTRIES -- EGYPT AND ALGERIA AND TURKEY AND SAUDI ARABIA. SO, IT'S NOT ONLY A QUESTION OF THE UNITED STATES ITSELF. HOST: AND WHY ARE THEY TARGETS? ALEXANDER: WELL, SIMPLY BECAUSE THEY BELIEVE THAT THEY DON'T LIVE UP TO THEIR OBLIGATIONS AS GOOD, GENUINE MUSLIMS. IN FACT, ONE OF THE GROUPS IS ALSO CALLING FOR THE LIBERATION OF THE SO-CALLED SANCTUARIES OF ISLAM. TO LIBERATE THEM FROM WHOM? SAUDI ARABIA IS AN INDEPENDENT COUNTRY AND THEY SUPERVISE THE ADMINISTRATION OF MECCA AND MEDINA. SO THE POINT I AM MAKING IS THAT KIND OF BEHAVIOR CANNOT BE ACCEPTED BY THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, NOT ONLY THE UNITED STATES. DOBRIANSKY: IF I CAN JUST MAKE A POINT ON THIS WITH REGARD TO RETALIATION, IF YOU WILL, OR THE TIT FOR TAT SYNDROME HERE. I THINK THAT THE UNITED STATES HAS TO TAKE STRONG ACTION WHEN IT KNOWS THAT ITS INTERESTS, ITS CITIZENS ARE AT STAKE AND ARE BEING THREATENED. AND CLEARLY IN THIS CASE, THE UNITED STATES HAD TO DO THAT AND TAKE THE RISK. IF WE DID NOT TAKE THESE ACTIONS, I HAVE NO DOUBT THAT BIN LADEN WOULD HAVE PROCEEDED REGARDLESS. SO, FOR THOSE WHO SAID YOU'RE ONLY ESCALATING THIS NEW, QUOTE, UNQUOTE, WAR, WHICH IT IS NOT, I THINK THAT COULDN'T BE FURTHER FROM THE TRUTH. WE HAD TO TAKE THIS ACTION. IF WE DIDN'T I THINK WE WOULD FURTHER DIMINISHED OUR OWN CREDIBILITY. SCHENKER: I AGREE, PAULA. IN 1996, BIN LADEN HIMSELF WROTE IN ONE OF THESE FATAWA THAT, AFTER SOMALIA, PRESIDENT CLINTON THREATENED REVENGE AND VOWED U.S. RESOLVE ON THIS ISSUE; HOWEVER, THIS IS ONLY A PRECURSOR TO WITHDRAWAL; THAT ALLAH HAD HUMILIATED AMERICA AND THIS JUST DISPLAYED AMERICAN IMPOTENCE AND WEAKNESS. AND I THINK THIS IS REALLY A PROPER RESPONSE IN LIGHT OF THAT GAUNTLET. HOST: WELL, IT'S INTERESTING THE NUMBER OF ACTIVITIES IN WHICH HE OR HIS ASSOCIATES HAVE BEEN IMPLICATED, INCLUDING ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATIONS AGAINST THE POPE, AGAINST PRESIDENT HOSNI MUBARAK, AGAINST U.S. AIRLINERS IN THE PACIFIC. SCHENKER: WORLD TRADE CENTER BOMBING. HOST: WORLD TRADE CENTER, U-N PEACEKEEPERS IN SOMALIA. YONAH ALEXANDER, CAN ENTERPRISES OF THIS MAGNITUDE BE UNDERTAKEN WITHOUT STATE SPONSORSHIP OF TERRORISM? ALEXANDER: I DON'T BELIEVE IT. I THINK THAT TERRORISM WILL CONTINUE TO BE VIABLE AS LONG AS YOU HAVE STATE SUPPORT. COUNTRIES LIKE IRAQ AND IRAN, THE SUDAN AND AFGHANISTAN AND LIBYA AND SYRIA AND SO FORTH. SO, IN OTHER WORDS, YOU NEED SANCTUARIES, YOU NEED SHELTER, YOU NEED A PLACE TO ORGANIZE. YOU CANNOT DO IT IN OUTER SPACE. BUT I WOULD LIKE TO SUGGEST THAT BIN LADEN REALLY HAS A NETWORK IN FIFTY DIFFERENT COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD. IN SOME COUNTRIES THERE IS GREATER SUPPORT. IN SOME OTHER COUNTRIES THERE IS LESS SUPPORT. BUT, THE POINT I'M MAKING IS THAT HE DOES HAVE OPERATIVES AS WELL AS SYMPATHIZERS -- THOSE SO-CALLED GRADUATES OF THE AFGHAN WAR. AND, THEREFORE, I THINK, IN ORDER TO RESPOND TO TERRORISM, LET ME SUGGEST THAT WE HAVE TO DEVELOP TWO MAJOR PRINCIPLES IF WE'RE GOING TO REDUCE THE RISK. ONE IS TO REGARD AN ATTACK AGAINST ONE AS AN ATTACK AGAINST ALL. SECONDLY, WE HAVE TO INCREASE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION. NO COUNTRY CAN UNILATERALLY DEAL WITH THE PROBLEM EFFECTIVELY. I AGREE WITH YOU, PAULA, I THINK IT'S A GOOD POINT. THE UNITED STATES HAS THE RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT THEIR CITIZENS AT HOME AND ABROAD, BUT I THINK IF WE ARE GOING TO REDUCE THE RISK OF TERRORISM TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, WE NEED COOPERATION. AND THIS IS REALLY CRITICAL. DOBRIANSKY: WELL, AS AN EFFECTIVE POLICY, CLEARLY, THAT WOULD BE IDEAL. AND ONE WOULD HOPE, ESPECIALLY AS I THINK YOU SO RIGHTLY POINTED OUT IN THE CASE OF THE BOMBING OF OUR EMBASSY IN KENYA, WHAT WAS UNFORTUNATE, AND I DON'T KNOW IF I'D SAY IRONIC, BUT IT WAS IRONIC BECAUSE THE TARGET, CERTAINLY, WAS AMERICANS. AND YET, IN TERMS OF THE DEATHS, THE HIGHEST PERCENTAGE WERE KENYAN CITIZENS. AND ONE WOULD HOPE THAT INTERNATIONALLY, OTHER COUNTRIES WOULD TAKE THIS QUITE SERIOUSLY. I WANT TO JUST ADD FURTHER, AS A TYPE OF A POLICY RECOMMENDATION, YOU KNOW, IN A POST-COLD WAR PERIOD, WE HAVE NOT PLACED AS MUCH EMPHASIS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF OUR INTELLIGENCE CAPABILITIES. AND, I'D ALSO ADD INTO THE MIX, A ROBUST AND READY MILITARY. AND, IN THIS REGARD, SEPARATE FROM INSURING THAT WE HAVE STRONG INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT, WE HAVE TO AT THE SAME TIME SHORE UP OUR OWN POSITION. INTELLIGENCE DATA IS CRITICAL IN THIS AREA OF TERRORISM, CRITICAL IN TERMS OF HAVING THE RIGHT INFORMATION, THE COMPELLING INFORMATION AND GOOD ANALYSIS OF IT. AND THAT'S IMPORTANT. SCHENKER: IT'S BEEN POINT OUT THAT THAT'S WHY WE CAN'T GET CLOSE TO BIN LADEN. WE KNOW WHERE HE IS THROUGH ELECTRONIC INFORMATION, THROUGH ELECTRONIC INTELLIGENCE, BUT WE DON'T HAVE ANY HUMAN INTELLIGENCE ON THE GROUND. THEREFORE, EVEN IF THERE WASN'T, PERHAPS, A PRESIDENTIAL DIRECTIVE AGAINST ASSASSINATION, WE COULDN'T EVEN DO IT IF WE WANTED TO. HOST: WELL, LOOK AT THE TRAIL OF MR. BIN LADEN. EXPELLED FROM SAUDI ARABIA, STRIPPED OF HIS CITIZENSHIP THERE, HE THEN GOES TO YEMEN, CORRECT? ALEXANDER: YEMEN AND SUDAN. HOST: AND THEN FROM YEMEN TO SUDAN. AFTER A LOT OF PRESSURE FROM THE U.S. GOVERNMENT AND OTHERS, HE'S FINALLY EXPELLED FROM SUDAN AND ENDS UP IN AFGHANISTAN, WHERE THE LEADER OF THE TALEBAN HAS MADE CLEAR HE WILL ALWAYS BE WELCOME. ON THE OTHER HAND, THE LEADER OF THE TALEBAN ALSO SAID HE WAS WILLING TO EXAMINE THE EVIDENCE THE UNITED STATES HAD OF BIN LADEN'S ACTIVITIES IN TERRORISM. WHAT DO WE DO NEXT? SCHENKER: I THINK THERE ARE PROBABLY TWO ROUTES WE CAN TAKE. ONE IS THAT WE DO HAVE EVIDENCE ABOUT BIN LADEN THAT'S COMPELLING. I DON'T KNOW IF WE'RE WILLING TO RELEASE THAT EVIDENCE, BECAUSE WE WOULD BURN SOURCES AND METHODS AND IT WOULD BE OVERALL A BAD SITUATION FOR OUR INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY. THE OTHER THING WE CAN DO IS PRESSURE THE TALEBAN THOUGH A NUMBER OF MEANS TO GIVE UP BIN LADEN, TO END THE SAFE HAVEN SANCTUARY FOR HIM. THAT COULD BE THROUGH, PERHAPS, DIPLOMATIC INCENTIVES. IT CAN BE THOUGH . . . HOST: FOR INSTANCE, RECOGNIZING THEM? SCHENKER: YES, ALTHOUGH THE REGIME IS, OF COURSE - - THE UNITED STATES DOES NOT LIKE THE REGIME THERE. THERE ARE A LOT OF PROBLEMS -- HUMAN RIGHTS-WISE AND THE TREATMENT OF WOMEN, ET CETERA. BUT THERE IS THE DIPLOMATIC ROUTE. BUT ALSO WE CAN WORK ON PAKISTAN, WHO'S THE ONLY ALLY BASICALLY OF THE TALEBAN, TO PUT PRESSURE ON THE TALEBAN TO GIVE BIN LADEN UP. AND THERE ARE A LOT OF WAYS WE CAN DO THAT. WE HAVE SANCTIONS ON PAKISTAN RIGHT NOW BECAUSE OF THE NUCLEAR TEST. HOST: I WANT TO RAISE ONE OTHER LARGE ISSUE, YONAH ALEXANDER, THAT IS OFTEN STATED WHEN IT COMES TO TERRORISM IN THE MIDDLE EAST. AND THIS ONE WAS PUT BY AN UNNAMED SYRIAN ANALYST WHO SAID, QUOTE, ARAB ANTI-AMERICANISM IS NOT GENUINELY ANTI-AMERICAN. IT IS DIRECTLY RELATED TO THE ISRAEL-ARAB CONFLICT, UNQUOTE. ALEXANDER: I THINK THIS KIND OF ARGUMENT CANNOT BE REALLY DEFENDED, BOTH INTELLECTUALLY AND MORALLY AND PRACTICALLY. EVEN IF ISRAEL HAD NOT EXISTED, WE STILL WOULD HAVE TO DEAL WITH THE PROBLEM OF TERRORISM. HOST: WHY? ALEXANDER: WELL, FIRST OF ALL, BECAUSE YOU HAVE SOME INDIGENOUS ISSUES: WHO IS GOING TO RULE EGYPT AND UNDER WHAT SYSTEM? HOW ABOUT SAUDI ARABIA OR ALGERIA? AND SO FORTH. THE POINT I'M MAKING IS THAT THERE IS A FICTION THAT ALL THE TERRORISM TODAY IS RELATED TO RELIGION, THAT IF WE ELIMINATE THAT, WE ARE NOT GOING TO HAVE TERRORISM. CLEARLY, WE HAVE A PROBLEM WITH BIN LADEN, BUT LET ME SUGGEST THAT WE HAVE TO DEAL WITH OTHER ISSUES, LIKE SINGLE-ISSUE EXTREMISM. FOR EXAMPLE, GROUPS WHO BLOW UP ABORTION CLINICS IN THE NAME OF GOD AND SO ON, OR IDEOLOGICAL TERRORISM ON THE LEFT, ON THE RIGHT, NEO-NAZI GROUPS AND SO FORTH. HOST: BUT IN TERMS OF INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM? ALEXANDER: WELL, IT'S INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM THAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT. WE HAD THE NETWORK OF THE SOVIET UNION. IDEOLOGICALLY, WE STILL HAVE THE TUPAC AMARA IN PERU, SHINING PATH, VARIOUS GROUPS AROUND THE WORLD. WE HAVE THIS TERRIBLE PROBLEM IN ULSTER, THE IRISH PROBLEM WHICH IS A VERY COMPLEX PROBLEM THAT GOES ON FOR HUNDREDS OF YEARS. SCHENKER: THERE'S ALSO ABU NIDAL, WHO, SINCE '85, HASN'T REALLY KILLED AMERICANS. MOSTLY PALESTINIANS, PEOPLE IN THE P-L-O, HIGH RANKING OFFICIALS OF ARAB GOVERNMENTS. ALEXANDER: SO, THERE ARE MANY, MANY CAUSES THAT ENCOURAGE TERRORISM. HOST: WELL, IN TERMS OF THESE ISSUES AND GROUPS, OF COURSE, THE GENERAL ANNOUNCEMENT BY THEM IN A FATWA OR A JIHAD IS THE INTEREST IN UNITING BOTH SHI'ITES AND SUNNIS IN A GENERAL WAR AGAINST THE WEST, BECAUSE IT IS THE WEST THAT IS THE ENEMY. DOES THAT RESONATE? SCHENKER: WELL, I THINK A LOT OF IT HAS TO DO WITH U.S. SUPPORT FOR THESE REGIMES, LIKE SAUDI ARABIA AND FOR HOSNI MUBARAK. BUT THAT HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH ISRAEL. HOST: NO, THAT'S WHAT I MEAN. THIS IS A LARGER ISSUE OUTSIDE OF THAT. PAULA DOBRIANSKY? DOBRIANSKY: I WOULD JUST ONLY SAY: I COULDN'T AGREE MORE. I THINK THAT THE REASONS ARE BROADER. I DON'T THINK IT'S MORALLY OR PRACTICALLY APPROPRIATE TO PEG THE RATIONALE ON THE ISSUE AND THE PROBLEMS SOLELY IN THE ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT. IT GOES MUCH BEYOND. AND AS WAS ALREADY CITED, THERE ARE OTHER SITUATIONS THAT HAVE OCCURRED IN OTHER CONTINENTS AND FOR VERY DIFFERENT REASONS. HOST: WELL, I'M AFRAID THAT'S ALL THE TIME WE HAVE THIS WEEK. I WOULD LIKE TO REMIND OUR AUDIENCE THAT, AS PART OF THE U.S. COUNTER-TERRORISM REWARDS PROGRAM, THE UNITED STATES WILL PAY A REWARD OF UP TO TWO MILLION DOLLARS TO INDIVIDUALS WHO PROVIDE INFORMATION THAT LEADS TO THE ARREST AND CONVICTION, IN ANY COUNTRY, OF THOSE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE BOMBINGS OF THE U.S. EMBASSIES IN NAIROBI AND DAR ES SALAAM. IF YOU HAVE ANY INFORMATION CONCERNING THESE ATTACKS, YOU SHOULD CONTACT THE NEAREST U.S. EMBASSY OR CONSULATE. OR CALL 1-800-437-6371. INFORMATION MAY ALSO BE SENT TO THE FOLLOWING INTERNET ADDRESS; HEROES@HEROES-DOT NET. I'D LIKE TO THANK OUR GUESTS -- YONAH ALEXANDER FROM GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY; PAULA DOBRIANSKY FROM THE COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS; AND DAVID SCHENKER FROM THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY -- FOR JOINING ME THIS WEEK TO DISCUSS U.S. POLICY AND THE FIGHT AGAINST INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM. THIS IS ROBERT REILLY FOR ON THE LINE. 28-Aug-98 1:55 PM EDT (1755 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America .