DATE=8/26/98 TYPE=BACKGROUND REPORT NUMBER=5-41230 TITLE=RESPONSE TO TERRORISM BYLINE= ED WARNER DATELINE= WASHINGTON CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: HOW TO RESPOND TO TERRORISM? THAT WAS THE ISSUE DISCUSSED AT A RECENT (WED., AUG. 25) MEETING IN WASHINGTON, WHERE ONE SPEAKER MADE THE CASE FOR TOUGH UNILATERAL U-S ACTION AGAINST TERRORISTS AND THEIR POSSIBLE SPONSORS, WHILE ANOTHER PARTICIPANT SAID POLITICAL ENGAGEMENT AND SUSTAINED DIALOGUE WILL PROVE MORE EFFECTIVE IN THE LONG RUN. V-O-A'S ED WARNER REPORTS. TEXT: OSAMA BIN LADEN IS A NEW KIND OF TERRORIST THAT CALLS FOR A NEW APPROACH, SAID EHUD SPRINZAK, A NOTED HISTORIAN AND PROFESSOR OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AT HEBREW UNIVERSITY IN ISRAEL. AT A MEETING OF THE U-S INSTITUTE OF PEACE, PROFESSOR SPRINZAK SAID BIN LADEN IS ALL THE MORE DANGEROUS BECAUSE OF THE LACK OF RESTRAINTS ON HIM. ACCOUNTABLE TO NO STATE, HE IS ALMOST A STATE IN HIMSELF WITH HIS VAST WEALTH AND WIDE NETWORK OF OPERATIVES. HE IS BEYOND CONCILIATION, SAID PROFESSOR SPRINZAK. THERE IS NO POINT IN TRYING TO REASON WITH HIM. HE CAN ONLY BE DEFEATED, AND THAT CAN BE DONE: // SPRINZAK ACT // HE IS HIGHLY VULNERABLE BECAUSE HE IS A STATELESS RENEGADE. HE DEPENDS TOTALLY ON THE TALEBAN OF AFGHANISTAN, AND I SUGGEST TO PUT A LITTLE FOCUS ON THE PAKISTANIS AND ESPECIALLY ON THE I-S-I, THE PAKISTANI INTELLIGENCE SERVICE. IN OTHER WORDS, IF THE TALEBAN AND THE PAKISTANIS DECIDE TOMORROW THAT THE FELLOW HURTS THEIR INTERESTS SIGNIFICANTLY, THEY CAN SOLVE THE PROBLEM IN A VERY, VERY SHORT TIME. // END ACT // PROFESSOR SPRINZAK URGED THE U-S SECRETARY OF STATE TO GO TO ISLAMABAD AND TELL THE PAKISTANIS IN NO UNCERTAIN TERMS TO GET RID OF BIN LADEN. BEYOND THAT, HE SUGGESTED OFFERING A 20 MILLION DOLLAR REWARD FOR BRINGING THE TERRORIST TO JUSTICE. IN HIS OPINION, THIS WOULD WORK BETTER THAN THE KIND OF MILITARY STRIKE THE UNITED STATES HAS JUST CONDUCTED. ROBERT OAKLEY, FORMER U-S AMBASSADOR TO PAKISTAN, WARNED AGAINST PRESSURING PAKISTAN IN THE WRONG WAY: // OAKLEY ACT // ONE THING THAT WOULD BE EXTREMELY DANGEROUS IN PAKISTAN AND IN THE MOSLEM WORLD WOULD BE TO MAKE IT APPEAR THAT SOMEHOW ISRAEL AND INDIA ARE WORKING TOGETHER AGAINST PAKISTAN ON THE BASIS OF TERRORISM. THIS WOULD HURT THE PAKISTANI INCENTIVE TO DO SOMETHING ABOUT IT. // END ACT // AMBASSADOR OAKLEY SAID ANY ACTION TAKEN AGAINST TERRORISM MUST CONSIDER THE CONSEQUENCES. THAT POINT WAS EMPHASIZED BY PAUL ARTHUR, PROFESSOR OF POLITICS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ULSTER IN NORTHERN IRELAND. SECURITY MEASURES ALONE HAVE NOT BROUGHT PEACE TO NORTHERN IRELAND, HE NOTED. THEY HAD TO BE ACCOMPANIED BY A POLITICAL RESPONSE AND DIALOGUE. THE UNITED STATES HAS UNDERSTOOD THIS IN THE CASE OF IRELAND, HE ADDED, AND HAS PERFORMED ADMIRABLY AS A MEDIATOR. BUT IN ITS RECENT MILITARY STRIKES IN PURSUIT OF BIN LADEN, HE BELIEVES THE UNITED STATES HAS VIOLATED THE SOVEREIGNTY OF NATIONS, ENDANGERED A CIVILIAN POPULATION AND AROUSED MORE ANTI-AMERICANISM: // ARTHUR ACT // A SECURITY RESPONSE IS EASY. THE CONSEQUENCES OF A SECURITY RESPONSE CANNOT ALWAYS BE ANTICIPATED - IN FACT, RARELY ARE ANTICIPATED. IT IS TOO EASY TO BLAME HOST COUNTRIES AND NOT TO LOOK AT THE DEEPER ROOTS. A GREAT DEGREE OF POLICY ANALYSIS NEEDS TO GO INTO THIS ISSUE OF WHAT ARE THE DEEPER ROOTS OF THE CONFLICT, NOT HOW BEST TO STRIKE BACK VERY, VERY QUICKLY. // END ACT // AMONG THE ROOTS, SAID PROFESSOR ARTHUR, IS THE VAST IMPACT OF THE UNITED STATES ON THE REST OF THE WORLD AND THE ANTAGONISM THAT OFTEN AROUSES. ALL THE MORE REASON, THE PROFESSOR ADDED,THEN FOR THE UNITED STATES TO AVOID ISOLATING ITSELF AND TO BUILD COALITIONS AS IT DEALS WITH THE TERRORIST THREAT. (SIGNED) NEB/PT 26-Aug-98 7:32 PM EDT (2332 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America .