Chapter 3
Implications

3-1. Doctrine. This concept will serve as the basis for future concepts and doctrine to include: the next edition of FM 100-5 and a FM 34-1. It will also provide the framework for the development of tactics, techniques and procedures to be employed by the EXFOR, Task Force XXI, Division XXI, and AWE's and demonstrations.

3-2. Training. The key to the future is training of our leaders, soldiers, and civilians to effectively operate the total intelligence force in the context of Force XXI. Realistic simulations of combat with a sharp focus on the operational context of Force XXI and the technologies that will support it is required to insure a trained and ready force for the future.

a. Training at every stage (initial entry through senior service college) must impart higher levels of operational understanding as well as computer literacy. The three pillars of the Army training system - institutional, unit, and self-development - must change, adapt, and keep pace with technology advancements as they are incorporated into the Army.

c. The future training strategy must adopt and employ advanced technologies and techniques to include live, constructive and virtual simulation capabilities. Soldiers, leaders, and organizations must be able to work real world problems in both live environment and simulated modes and train in a variety of "what if" scenarios to hone their skills. The training system of the future must accurately portray the complexity of the intelligence/RSTA system and train intelligence operators how to leverage and integrate higher, lower, adjacent, joint, and multi-national capabilities.

d. It must train our future S2s and G2s and their supporting organizations and analysts how to "present" the intelligence picture to their warfighting commanders.

e. Combined arms training, whether conducted as live, virtual and/or constructive simulated exercises, must thoroughly integrate a realistic intelligence process. Commanders, as well as intelligence professionals, must be challenged to operate in a realistic environment. We must always train as we fight. We must never forget that the "enemy gets a vote".

3-3. Leader Development. Force XXI commanders must understand intelligence operations as well as maneuver and fire operations. They must fully understand the capabilities and limitations of the intelligence system and how it helps them to visualize the battlespace. Conversely, our future intelligence leaders must fully understand Force XXI decisive operations. Leader development programs, institutional and in unit must emphasize the importance of this mutual understanding.

3-4. Organizations. Intelligence organizations at each echelon should have sufficient assets (sensors and processors) to cover the supported commander's area of operations in order to meet commander's individual priorities and focus. Intelligence doesn't "just happen".

a. They must be designed to be modular, highly mobile, deployable, and tailorable with assured communications able to leverage national, joint, multi-national, and army capabilities as well as the full array of Army AC and RC capabilities.

b. Commanders at each echelon will require dedicated intelligence analysts to satisfy their PIR and provide a focused visualization of their battlespace.

3-5. Materiel. The MI System must evolve to required future capabilities by incorporating advanced technologies into an open systems architecture that provides full spectrum collection, automated processing and analysis, dynamic management tools, and multimedia presentation techniques. Specific technological requirements to support materiel items are listed by MI task as laid out in Chapter 2. These requirement statements are intended to be only examples and are not considered all inclusive of potential technological applications available or required to support the totality of MI system development. All new systems, hardware and software must include capability to provide training, both in current mission and in possible contingency scenarios. This capability must also include the capability for pre-mission planning and rehearsal exercises.

a. Present.There is a requirementfor full sensory, virtual reality display capability supporting both wargaming and current operations. Automated dynamic overlay capability is required to support both virtual reality displays and analytical position displays. All displays require automatic update capability with operator selected alerts.

b. Manage.AI Resource Management tools are required to support all aspects of MI system management at all echelons. The capability to execute electronic linking of sensor to processor to shooter for specific missions and then to negate the linkage with ease of an electronic light pen or other similar technology is required. Sensor coverage displays must be able to display individual systems, groupings of systems, all echelons, environmental affects on the coverage of each system, and to assist in mission rehearsal and wargaming efforts.

c. Collect.All sensor technologies require improvements to account for the capability of potential adversaries to utilize advanced technology to assist their ability to hide from our collection capabilities. Particular attention must be paid toadvanced communication detection for all communication modes, including those normally considered to be non-military and for computer data exchange. AI processing is required for sensor front ends to reduce the quantity of data flowing from sensor to processor. Automatic target/object/entity recognition algorithms are required to support this sensor front end processing. AI applications are required to provide automated assistance in multi-spectral cross cueing, this is particularly important with multi-sensors on the same platform. The potential for utilization of robotics in the collection mission cannot be overlooked.

d. Process and Analyze.Automated distributed and shared databases will be required to support all echelons. AI tools to assist human analysts, including automatic entity/object/target recognition are required at all echelons and must be adjustable by the analysts to meet the requirements of each scenario.

e. Disseminate. Dissemination capabilities require multi-level encryption, auto-sanitization and auto-classification technologies. Communications capabilities will require the use of global and tactical broadcasts, with in-theater injection, supported by bandwidth on demand. The AI use of meta data will enhance the ability to provide required data to consumers without providing excessive quantities of data. Automated processing of requests for information must support both "smart push" and "smart pull" techniques.

f. Intelligence Support to Information Operations. Technologies supporting C2 Exploit are included in the above paragraphs. Support to C2 Attack must include improved multi-purpose jammers and non-lethal weapons to attack enemy C2 automation at depths out to 300 Kms. Support to C2 Protect must include AI methods to detect unauthorized access to, or attempts to access, information.

3-6. Quality People. Intelligence XXI operations are designed to take advantage of the Army's most valuable resource - its highly skilled and dedicated soldiers and civilians. They are the key to the successful conduct of intelligence in support of Force XXI and should remain the focus of combat training and leader development initiatives.