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Glossary

Glossary

ABCS
Army Battle Command System
ACCS
Army Command and Control System
adversary
often used in this manual in lieu of enemy; the term enemy is reserved to indicate adversaries engaged in lethal operations against US forces
AEA
army executive agent
AES
Army Enterprise Strategy
ACE
air combat element
AC
active component
ACU
area common user
ACUS
Army common user system
ADP
automatic data processing
ADSO
assistant division signal officer
AFATDS
advanced field artillery tactical data system
AFGWC
Air Force Global Weather Central
AGCCS
Army Global Command and Control System
AHFEWS
Army High Frequency Electronic Warfare System
AID
United States Agency for International Development
AMOPES
Army Mobilization and Operations Planning and Execution System
ANGLICO
air/naval gunfire liaison company
AO
area of operation
AOR
area of responsibility
appliqué
a family of laptop-sized computers connected to navigation devices and radios to provide processing and display capabilities to platforms without an embedded processor
appreciation
personal conclusions, official estimates, and assumptions about another partyís intentions, capabilities, and activities used in planning and decision making
ARAT-TA
Army Reprogramming Analysis Team-Threat Analysis
ARCENT
Army component to Central Command
ARFOR
Army force headquarters
ARSOF
Army special operations forces
ASAS
all-source analysis system
ASCC
Army service component command
assured communications
certain electronic transmission capabilities needed throughout the strategic, operational, and tactical areas of operations
ATACMS
Army Tactical Missile System
ATCCS
Army Tactical Command and Control System
ATSS
Army Target Sensing System
B2C2
Brigade and Below Command and Control System
battle command
the art of battle decision making, leading, and motivating soldiers in their organizations into action to accomplish missions; includes visualizing current state and future state, then formulating concepts of operations to get from one to the other at least cost; also includes assigning missions, prioritizing and allocating resources, selecting the critical time and place to act, and knowing how and when to make adjustments during the fight (FM 100-5)
battle dynamics
five major interrelated dynamics that define significant areas of change from current operations to Force XXI Operations; dynamics are battle command, battlespace, depth and simultaneous attack, early entry, and combat service support
battlefield visualization
the process whereby the commander develops a clear understanding of the current state with relation to the enemy and environment, envisions a desired end state that represents mission accomplishment, and then subsequently visualizes the sequence of activity that moves the commanderís force from its current state to the end state
battlespace
components determined by the maximum capabilities of friendly and enemy forces to acquire and dominate each other by fires and maneuver and in the electromagnetic spectrum
BCE
battlefield coordination element
BCTP
Battle Command Training Program
BDA
battle damage assessment
BOS
battlefield operating system
C2
command and control
C2-attack
command and control-attack
C2-protect
command and control-protect
C2W
command and control warfare
C2W-I
command and control warfare-intelligence
C3I
command, control, communications, and intelligence
C4
command, control, communications, and computers
C4FMO
command, control, communications, and computers for mobile operations
C4I
command, control, communications, computers, and intelligence
CA
civil affairs
CCIR
commander's critical information requirements
CEOI
communications-electronics operation instructions
CERT
computer emergency response team
CI
counterintelligence
CIA
Central Intelligence Agency
CINC
commander-in-chief
CIOS
commanderís information operations staff
CIOSO
commanderís information operations staff officer
CJCS
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
CJCSI
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction
CJCS MOP
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Memorandum of Policy
CMO
civil-military operations
CMOC
civil-military operations center
CNR
combat net radio
COA
course of action
COE
common operating environment
command and control
the exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned or attached forces in the accomplishment of the mission; C2 functions are performed through an arrangement of personnel, equipment, communications, computers, facilities, and procedures employed by a commander in planning, directing, coordinating, and controlling forces and operations in the accomplishment of the mission (Joint Pub 1-02)
command and control-attack
the synchronized execution of actions taken to accomplish established objectives that prevent effective C2 of adversarial forces by denying information to, by influencing, by degrading, or by destroying the adversary C2 system
command and control-protect
the maintenance of effective C2 of own forces by turning to friendly advantage or negating adversary efforts to deny information to, to influence, to degrade, or to destroy the friendly C2 system; C2-protect can be offensive or defensive in nature; offensive C2-protect uses the five elements of C2W to reduce the adversaryís ability to conduct C2-attack; defensive C2-protect reduces friendly C2 vulnerabilities to adversary C2-attack by employment of adequate physical, electronic, and intelligence protection (adapted from CJCSI 3210.03)
command and control system
the combination of personnel, equipment, communications, computers, facilities, and procedures employed by the commander in planning, directing, coordinating, and controlling forces and operations in the accomplishment of the mission; the basic functions of a command and control system are sensing valid information about events and the environment, reporting information, assessing the situation and associated alternatives for action, deciding on an appropriate course of action, and ordering actions in correspondence with the decision (Joint Pub 1-02)
command and control, warfare
the integrated use of operations security, military deceptionpsychological operations, electronic warfare, and physical destruction, mutually supported by intelligence, to deny information to, influence, degrade, or destroy adversary C2 capabilities, while protecting friendly C2 capabilities against such actions; command and control warfare applies across the operational continuum and all levels of conflict (Joint Pub 1-02)
common operating environment
an environment that provides a familiar look, touch, sound, and feel to the commander, no matter where the commander is deployed; information presentation and command, control, communication, computers, and intelligence system interfaces are maintained consistently from platform to platform, enabling the commander to focus attention on the crisis at hand; also called COE
communications
a method or means of conveying information of any kind from one person or place to another (Joint Pub 1-02)
communications security
the protection resulting from all measures designed to deny unauthorized persons information of value which might be derived from the possession and study of telecommunications or to mislead unauthorized persons in their interpretation of the results of such possession and study; also called COMSEC; includes cryptosecurity, transmission security, emission security, and physical security of communications security materials and information
computer security
involves the measures and controls that ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the information processed and stored by a computer; these include policies, procedures, and the hardware and software tools necessary to protect the computer systems and the information processed, stored, and transmitted by the systems
COMPUSEC
computer security
COMSEC
communications security
CONPLAN
contingency plan
CONUS
continental United States
counterintelligence
those activities which are concerned with identifying and counteracting the threat to security posed by hostile services, organizations, or by individuals engaged in espionage, sabotage, subversion, or terrorism (Joint Pub 1-02)
COUNTERRECON
counterreconnaissance
CP
command post
critical information
specific facts about friendly intentions, capabilities, and activities vitally needed by adversaries for them to plan and act effectively so as to guarantee failure or unacceptable consequences for friendly mission accomplishment (Joint Pub 1-02)
CSS
combat service support
CTC
combat training center
DALIS
Disaster Assistance Logistics Information System
DAMMS-R
Department of the Army Movements Management System- Redesign
DDN
Defense Data Network
DDS
data distribution system
DEA
Drug Enforcement Agency
defense information infrastructure
the shared or interconnected system of computers, communications, data, applications, security, people, training, and other support structures serving DODís location and worldwide information needs; the DII connects DOD mission support, command and control, and intelligence computers and users through voice, data, imagery, video, and multimedia services and provides information processing and value-added services to subscribers of the DISN
DEERS
Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting System
DEW
directed-energy weapon
DII
defense information infrastructure
DISA
Defense Information Systems Agency
DISE
deployable intelligence support element
DISN
Defense Information Systems Network
DJMS
Defense Joint Military Pay System
DOD
Department of Defense
DOS
Department of State
DSN
Defense Switch Network
DTLOMS
doctrine, training, leader development, organizations, materiel, and soldiers
e-mail
electronic mail
EA
electronic attack
EAC
echelons above corps
ECM
electronic countermeasures
ECCM
electronic counter countermeasures
EEFI
essential elements of friendly Information
electromagnetic spectrum
the range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation from zero to infinity; it is divided into 26 alphabetically designated bands (Joint Pub 1-02)
electronics security
the protection resulting from all measures designed to deny unauthorized persons information of value that might be derived from their interception and study of noncommunications electromagnetic radiation, e.g., radar (Joint Pub 1-02)
electronic warfare
any military action involving the use of electromagnetic and directed energy to control the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) or to attack the enemy. The three major subdivisions within electronic warfare are electronic attack (EA), electronic protection (EP), and electronic warfare support (ES)
EM
electromagnetic
EMI
electromagnetic interference
EMP
electromagnetic pulse
EMS
electromagnetic spectrum
EOB
electronic order of battle
EOC
emergency operations center
EP
electronic protection
EPLRS
enhanced position location reporting system
ES
electronic warfare support
essential elements of friendly information
key questions likely to be asked by adversary officials and intelligence systems about specific friendly intentions, capabilities, and activities so they can obtain answers critical to their operational effectiveness (Joint Pub 1-02)
EW
electronic warfare
EWIR
electronic warfare integrated reprogramming
FAADC3I
forward air defense command, control, communications, and intelligence
FBCB2
Force XXI Battle Command Brigade and Below System
FEMA
Federal Emergency Management Agency
FFIR
friendly forces information requirements
FM
frequency modulation; field manual
force protection
any collection or combination of measures to prevent or mitigate damage or disruption to an aggregation of military personnel, weapon systems, vehicles, installations, or support
FORSCOM
United States Forces Command
FST
field support team
full-dimensional operations
the application of all capabilities available to an Army commander to accomplish his mission decisively and at the least cost across the full range of possible operations
G2
division intelligence
G3
division operations
G5
division civil affairs
G6
division communications
GCCS
Global Command and Control System
GIE
global information environment
GII
global information infrastructure
global information environment
all Individuals, organizations, or systems, most of which are outside the control of the military or National Command Authorities, that collect, process, and disseminate information to national and international audiences
GPS
global positioning system
GR/CS
Guardrail/Common Sensor
HCA
host civil affairs
HF
high frequency
HN
host nation
HNS
host nation support
HQDA
Headquarters, Department of Army
HUMINT
human intelligence
HVT
high-value target
I&W
indications and warnings
IADS
Integrated Air Defense System
IBDA
information battlefield damage assessment
ICP
intertheater communications security package
IEW
intelligence and electronic warfare
IMETS
Integrated Meteorological System
information
data collected from the environment and processed into a usable form
Information Age
the future time period when social, cultural, and economic patterns will reflect the decentralized, nonhierarchical flow of information; contrast this to the more centralized, hierarchical, social, cultural, and economic patterns that reflect the Industrial Ageís mechanization of production systems
information data bases
visualization of a future system where commanders and units can continually access and update a common data base of relevant information (for example, logistics, intelligence, movement)
information dominance
the degree of information superiority that allows the possessor to use information systems and capabilities to achieve an operational advantage in a conflict or to control the situation in operations other than war while denying those capabilities to the adversary
information operations
continuous military operations within the military information environment that enable, enhance, and protect the friendly forceís ability to collect, process, and act on information to achieve an advantage across the full range of military operations; information operations include interacting with the global information environment and exploiting or denying an adversary's information and decision capabilities
information security
the protection of unauthorized access to or modification of information, whether in storage, processing, or transit, and against the denial of service to authorized users or the provision of service to unauthorized users, including those measures necessary to detect, document, and counter such threats
information systems
the entire infrastructure, organization, personnel, and components that collect, process, store, transmit, display, disseminate, and act on information (Joint Pub 6-0)
information systems security
a composite means to protect telecommunications systems and automated information systems and the information they transmit and/or process
information warfare
actions taken to achieve information superiority by affecting adversary information, information-based processes, information systems, and computer-based networks while defending oneís own information, information-based processes, information systems and computer-based networks (CJCSI 3210.01)
INFOSEC
information security
infosphere
the rapidly growing global network of military and commercial command, control, communications, and computer systems and networks linking information data bases and fusion centers that are accessible to the warrior anywhere, anytime, in the performance of any mission; provides the worldwide automated information-of-exchange backbone support to joint forces; and provides seamless operations from anywhere to anywhere that is secure and transparent to the warrior; this emerging capability is highly flexible to support the adaptive command and control infrastructures of the twenty-first century
INFOSYS
information systems
infrastructure
the basic facilities, equipment, and installations needed for the function of a system, network, or integrated network
INMARSAT
international maritime satellite
intelligence
the product resulting from the collection, processing, integration, analysis, evaluation, and interpretation of available information concerning foreign countries or areas; also, information and knowledge about an adversary obtained through observation, investigation, analysis, or understanding (Joint Pub 1-02)
INTELSAT
intelligence satellite
internet
interoperable network
IO
information operations
IOBS
information operations battle staff
IOC
information operations center
IPB
intelligence-preparation-of-the-battlefield
ISB
installation sustaining bases
ISS
information systems security
ISYSCON
integrated systems control
ITU
International Telecommunications Union
IW
information warfare
J2
joint staff intelligence
J3
joint staff operations
J5
joint staff plans and policy
J6
joint staff communications-electronics
JAARS
Joint After-Action Reporting System
JCS
Joint Chiefs of Staff
JC2WC
Joint Command and Control Warfare Center
JCEWS
joint commanderís electronic warfare staff
JDISS
Joint Deployable Intelligence Support System
JEWC
Joint Electronic Warfare Center
JFC
joint force commander
JOA
joint operational area
JOPES
Joint Operations Planning and Execution System
JRFL
joint restricted frequency list
JSOI
joint signal operating instructions
J-STARS
Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System
JTACS
Joint Theater Air Control System
JTB
joint targeting board
JTF
joint task force
JTTP
joint tactics, techniques, and procedures
JULLS
Joint Universal Lessons Learned System
JWICS
Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communication System
LAM
Louisiana Maneuvers
LAN
local area network
LCC
land component commander
LIWA
Land Information Warfare Activity
LO
liaison officer
MACOM
major Army command
MASINT
measurement signature
MCS
maneuver control system
METL
mission-essential task list
METT-T
mission, enemy, terrain, troops, and time available
MIE
military information environment
MI
military intelligence
MIID/IDB
Military Integrated Intelligence Data Base System/ Integrated Data Base
military deception
actions executed to deliberately mislead adversary military decision makers as to friendly military capabilities, intentions, and operations, thereby causing the adversary to take specific actions (or inactions) that will contribute to the accomplishment of the friendly mission
military information environment
the environment contained within the global information environment, consisting of information systems and organizationsófriendly and adversary, military and nonmilitaryóthat support, enable, or significantly influence a specific military operation
mls
multilevel security
MNS
mission needs statement
MOBLAS
Mobilization-Level Application Software
MP
military police
MOP
memorandum of policy
MSC
major subordinate command
MSE
mobile subscriber equipment
MTP
mission training plan
NATO
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NCA
National Command Authorities
NEO
noncombatant evacuation operations
NII
national information infrastructure
NGO
nongovernment organization
NMS
National Military Strategy
NTSDS
National Target/Threat Signature Data System
OA
operational architecture
OB
order of battle
ODCSOPS
Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations
OOTW
operations other than war
OPFOR
opposing force
OPCON
operational control
operations security
a process of identifying critical information and subsequently analyzing friendly actions attendant to military operations and other activities; identifying those actions that can be observed by adversary intelligence systems; determining indicators adversary intelligence systems might obtain that could be interpreted or pieced together to derive critical information in time to be useful to adversaries; and selecting and executing measures that eliminate or reduce to an acceptable level the vulnerabilities of friendly actions to adversary exploitation; also called OPSEC
OPLAN
operations plan
OPORD
operations order
OPSEC
operations security
OPTEMPO
operation tempo
PA
public affairs
PAO
public affairs officer
PC
personal computer
PEO
program executive office
PIR
priority intelligence requirements
physical destruction
the application of combat power to destroy or neutralize enemy forces and installations; includes direct and indirect fires from ground, sea, and air forces; also includes direct actions by special operations forces
physical security
that part of security concerned with physical measures designed to safeguard personnel, to prevent unauthorized access to equipment, installations, material and documents, and to safeguard them against espionage, sabotage, damage, and theft (Joint Pub 1-02)
PM
project manager
POS/NAV
position/navigation
PRC
populace and resource control
priority intelligence requirements
those intelligence requirements for which a commander has an anticipated and stated priority in his task of planning and decision making (Joint Pub 1-02)
PSN
public switch network
psychological operations
operations to convey selected information and indicators to foreign audiences to influence their emotions, motives, objective reasoning, and, ultimately, the behavior of foreign governments, organizations, groups, and individuals; the purpose of PSYOP is to induce or reinforce foreign attitudes and behavior favorable to the originatorís objectives
PSYOP
psychological operations
PVO
private voluntary organization
RAP
remedial action project
RC
reserve components
RCAS
Reserve Component Automation System
RCP
relevant common picture
RDT&E
research, development, test, and evaluation
RECBASS
Reception Battalion Automated Support System
RECON
reconnaissance
relevant common picture of the battlefield
the aggregate of data that is shared among all friendly forces on the disposition of friendly and enemy force; this data is used to build a tailored relevant graphic display for the warfighter that increases in detail shown as the echelon served is closer to the soldier; commonly called situational awareness
relevant information
information drawn from the military information environment that significantly impacts, contributes to, or is related to the execution of the operational mission at hand
RII
relevant information and intelligence
RISC
reduced instruction set computing
RISTA
reconnaissance, intelligence, surveillance, and target acquisition
ROE
rules of engagement
SAMS-I/TDA
Standard Army Maintenance System-Installation/ Table of Distribution and Allowances
SARSS-O
Standard Army Retail Supply System-Objective
SF
Special Forces
SIDPERS
Standard Installation/Division Personnel System
SIGINT
signals intelligence
signal security
a generic term that includes both communications security and electronic security (Joint Pub 1-02)
SIGSEC
signal security
SINCGARS
single-channel ground and airborne radio system
SJA
staff judge advocate
SOF
special operations forces
SOP
standard operating procedure
SPBS-R
Standard Property Book System-Redesign
spectrum management
planning, coordinating, and managing operational, engineering, and administrative procedures, with the objective of enabling electronic systems to perform their functions in the intended environment without causing or suffering unacceptable interference (Joint Pub 1-02)
STAMIS
Standard Army Management Information Systems
STO
special technical operations
STOD
special technical operations division
TAA
total Army analysis
tactical internet
a battlefield communication system networked together using commercially based internet protocols
TAMMIS
The Army Munitions Management Information System
TAFIM
technical architectural framework for information management
TEARS
Telecommunications Equipment Automated Retrieval System
TECHINT
technical intelligence
TF
task force
TPN
tactical packet network
TRADOC
United States Army Training and Doctrine Command
TRANSEC
transmission security
transmission security
see communications security
TRI-TAC
triservice tactical
TROJAN-SPIRIT
TROJAN-special purpose integrated remote intelligence terminal
TSP
training support package
TSS
target-sensing system
TTP
tactics, techniques, and procedures
UAV
unmanned aerial vehicle
UHF
ultrahigh frequency
ULLS
unit-level logistics system
UN
United Nations
US
United States
USAF
United States Air Force
USAID
United States Agency for International Development
USAINSCOM
United States Army Information Systems Command
USIA
United States Information Agency
USN
United States Navy
USSOCOM
United States Special Operations Command
VHF
very high frequency
WAN
wide area network