2006 Membership

THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE COURT

2005 Membership

The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court was created by section 103(a) of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1803(a)). It was originally comprised of seven district judges from seven circuits named by the Chief Justice of the United States to serve a maximum of 7 years.

In 2001, the U.S.A. Patriot Act (section 208) amended the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act to increase the number of FIS Court judges from seven to eleven, "of whom no fewer than 3 shall reside within 20 miles of the District of Columbia." The membership of the Court in 2005 was as follows.

		Appointed	Expires
KOLLAR-KOTELLY, Colleen (Presiding)	D.D.C.	5/19/02	5/18/2009
BENSON, Dee	D.Utah	5/2004	5/2011
BROOMFIELD, Robert C.	D.Ariz.	10/01/02	5/18/2009
CARR, James G.	N.D.OH	5/19/02	5/18/2008
DAVIS, Michael J.	D.Minn.	5/18/99	5/18/2006
GORTON, Nathaniel M.	D.Mass.	5/18/01	5/18/2008
HILTON, Claude M.	E.D.Va.	5/18/01	5/18/2007
HOWARD, Malcolm	N.C.	2005	2012
KAZEN, George P.	S.D.Tex.	5/18/03	5/18/2010
ROBERTSON, James resigned 12/19/2005 replaced by Judge John D. Bates in 2/06	D.D.C.	5/19/02	5/18/2006
SCULLIN Jr., Frederick J.	N.D.N.Y.	5/2004	5/2011

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE COURT OF REVIEW

The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review was created by the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 to review applications that were denied by the FIS Court. The Court of Review is comprised of three judges, one of whom is designated as the presiding judge, named by the Chief Justice of the United States from the U.S. district or appellate courts. Judges serve a maximum of seven years and are not eligible for redesignation.

		Appointed	Expires
GUY, Ralph B. (Presiding)	Sixth Circuit to Presiding	10/08/1998 5/18/2001	5/18/2005 5/18/2005
LEAVY, Edward	Ninth Circuit	9/25/2001	5/18/2008
WINTER, Ralph K. Jr.	Second Circuit	5/18/2003	5/18/2010