RESERVE COMPONENT
Reserve Component Linguist Unit Concept
The U.S. Army Intelligence Center and Fort Huachuca (USAIC&FH)
recently published the first doctrinal justification and guidance
for the use of the Reserve Component (RC) military intelligence
(MI) linguist. The MI Relook established the requirement for this
structure and determined that the outdated existing RC MI structure
and strategy was not capable of supporting post-Cold War
requirements.
There is a consensus that RC MI units supporting the Active
Component (AC) theater and corps will be unnecessary as a replicate
battalion or company structure but needed rather as augmentation
elements, accessible to the team level via derivative unit
identification code (UIC). Furthermore, recent history indicates
that a smaller continental United States (CONUS)-based Army has a
need for qualified linguists to support its power projection
strategies, maintaining a full range of capabilities during a
24-hour operation. Resource and staffing constraints prevent the AC
from fully answering this requirement from within its own force
structure.
Mission and Structure
The mission of the RC linguist units will be to provide accessible
language-qualified augmentation teams to the AC commanders. The
deployable linguist teams, in a single language and military
occupational specialty (MOS) configuration, will align with an
identified AC corps- or theater-level unit which has responsibility
for the area of operations in which the linguist team will
function. This relationship is part of the RC MI Force Design
Update.
Structurally, the organization of the deployable five-soldier
linguist teams maximizes both peacetime training and cohesion and
wartime mission accomplishment. The MI RC linguist force is
fielding five separate team types:
- Translator - Interpreter Teams (MOS 97L) will serve as a basic
linguist resource to MI units and other users such as military
police, civil affairs, and host country liaison. These teams will
provide interpreter support and create tactical translation
reports.
- Counterintelligence (CI) Teams (MOS 97B) will perform the full
range of CI missions in the target language or English.
- Interrogator Teams (MOS 97E) will perform interrogation and
screening of enemy prisoners of war.
- Signals Intelligence Analysis Teams (MOS 98C) will perform
analysis using either their target language or English.
- Signals Intelligence Collection Teams (MOS 98G) will conduct
voice intercept missions.
The basic deployable unit is a five-soldier team. A headquarters
element should accompany the deployed linguist unit to provide
command and control, liaison to the supported unit, and quality
control. Our experience in Operations DESERT SHIELD and DESERT
STORM strongly suggests that linguist teams need a headquarters
element to centrally manage them rather than each team working
independently under direct and permanent control of the supported
unit. Central management ensures proper use, a higher availability
rate, and a quicker turn-around to the force as a whole. The size
of the linguist support headquarters varies directly with the
number of linguist teams deployed. Figure 1 displays the
recommended ratio of deployed teams to headquarters element.
CALL FORWARD 1996
Fort Huachuca, Arizona, will be the site for a major mobilization
exercise, CALL FORWARD 1996, scheduled for June 1996. Exercise CALL
FORWARD 1996 will test the RC and the installation's readiness to
support a mobilization. For the exercise, nearly 1000 U.S. Army
Reserve (USAR) and Army National Guard (ARNG) soldiers will report
to Fort Huachuca over a two-week period. Most of the participants
will be members of RC units from the Southwest Region. Another 100
will be MI Inactive Ready Reserve (IRR) soldiers called up for
predeployment refresher training.
The 6th Reserve Forces School-Intelligence (RFS-I) will support the
USAIC&FH refresher training during Exercise CALL FORWARD 1996. Five
RFS-Is are affiliated with the USAIC&FH through WARTRACE. During
Operations DESERT SHIELD and DESERT STORM, the RFS-Is mobilized, in
part, to support the MI proponent.
New ARNG Advisor
Major Steve Ponder replaced Lieutenant Colonel David Miner as the
ARNG advisor to the USAIC&FH. Lieutenant Colonel Miner is retiring
after more than 26 years of distinguished service in both the AC
Army and ARNG. He has served as the ARNG's representative to the
Intelligence Center since August 1991. He worked the National
Guard's portion of the RC MI Force Design Update. The Force Design
Update assigns an additional fifteen MI companies and seven MI
cadre battalions to the ARNG structure. He was also largely
responsible for developing the RC MI Linguist Unit Concept. His
replacement, Major Steve Ponder comes to us from the Combined Arms
Center at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, after having served with ARNG's
35th Infantry Division.
Point of contact: Colonel John Craig, Chief of Reserve Forces
Office, USAIC&FH, at DSN 821-1176, commercial (520) 533-1176,or
E-mail craigj%hua1@ huachuca-emh11.army.mil.